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101 básico

básico

◊ -ca adjetivo

a) (fundamental, esencial) basic;

◊ alimento básico staple food

b) ‹ requisito› essential, fundamental

básico,-a adjetivo
1 (esencial) basic: saber idiomas es básico para ser diplomático, knowledge of languages is essential if you want to be a diplomat
2 Quím basic ' básico' also found in these entries: Spanish: básica - hacer - elemental - primario - primero English: basic - bread-and-butter - cornerstone - elementary - essential - staple - base pay - basics - sketchy

English-spanish dictionary > básico
102 sound

I
adjective
1) (strong or in good condition: The foundations of the house are not very sound; He's 87, but he's still sound in mind and body.) sano, sólido, firme

2) ((of sleep) deep: She's a very sound sleeper.) profundo

3) (full; thorough: a sound basic training.) completo, severo

4) (accurate; free from mistakes: a sound piece of work.) bueno, sólido

5) (having or showing good judgement or good sense: His advice is always very sound.) juicioso, sensato, acertado, consistente

•

- soundly
- soundness
- sound asleep
II
1. noun
1) (the impressions transmitted to the brain by the sense of hearing: a barrage of sound; (also adjective) sound waves.) sonido

2) (something that is, or can be, heard: The sounds were coming from the garage.) ruido, sonido, voces

3) (the impression created in the mind by a piece of news, a description etc: I didn't like the sound of her hairstyle at all!) idea

2. verb
1) (to (cause something to) make a sound: Sound the bell!; The bell sounded.) tocar, hacer sonar

2) (to signal (something) by making a sound: Sound the alarm!) sonar, resonar

3) ((of something heard or read) to make a particular impression; to seem; to appear: Your singing sounded very good; That sounds like a train.) sonar, parecer

4) (to pronounce: In the word `pneumonia', the letter p is not sounded.) pronunciar(se)

5) (to examine by tapping and listening carefully: She sounded the patient's chest.) auscultar

•

- soundless
- soundlessly
- sound effects
- soundproof
3. verb
(to make (walls, a room etc) soundproof.) insonorizar

- sound-track

III
verb
(to measure the depth of (water etc).) sondar

- sounding
- sound out

sound¹ adj sólido / bueno / fuerte / seguro

a sound investment una inversión segura

to be sound asleep estar profundamente dormido

sound² n

1. sonido

faster than the speed of sound más rápido que la velocidad del sonido

2. ruido

we heard a strange sound oímos un ruido extraño

3. volumen

can you turn the sound up? ¿puedes subir el volumen?

sound³ vb

1. parecer

from what he says it sounds like a wonderful hotel por lo que dice, parece un hotel maravilloso

2. sonar

if the alarm sounds, leave the building si suena la alarma, abandona el edificio

sound

tr[saʊnd]

adjective

1 (healthy) sano,-a

■ of sound mind en su sano juicio, en pleno uso de sus facultades

■ safe and sound sano,-a y salvo,-a

2 (solid) sólido,-a, firme; (in good condition) en buen estado

3 (sensible) sensato,-a, acertado,-a; (valid) sólido,-a, lógico,-a, razonable; (responsible) responsable, formal, de fiar; (reliable, safe) seguro,-a

■ a sound piece of advice un bueno consejo

■ he's got a sound grasp of Italian domina el italiano

■ her knowledge of modern history is sound sus conocimientos de historia moderna son sólidos

■ a sound investment una inversión segura

4 (thorough) completo,-a; (severe) severo,-a

■ a sound training una formación sólida

■ a sound examination un examen a fondo

■ a sound beating una buena paliza

5 (of sleep) profundo,-a

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to be as sound as a bell (person) estar sano,-a 2 (thing) estar en perfectas condiciones, estar en perfecto estado

to be sound asleep estar profundamente dormido,-a

————————

sound

tr[saʊnd]

noun

1 SMALLGEOGRAPHY/SMALL estrecho, brazo de mar

————————

sound

tr[saʊnd]

noun

1 (gen) sonido; (musical) sonido, son nombre masculino; (noise) ruido

■ I heard the sound of voices oí (unas) voces

■ the sound of the guitar el son de la guitarra

■ the sound was so bad we couldn't hear the singer el sonido era tan malo que no oímos al cantante

■ without a sound sin hacer ruido

■ the speed of sound la velocidad del sonido

■ I was born within the sound of Bow bells desde donde nací se oyen las campanas de la iglesia de Bow

2 SMALLTELEVISION/SMALL (volume) volumen nombre masculino

■ turn the sound up/down sube/baja el volumen

3 (impression, idea) idea

■ I don't like the sound of this esto se está poniendo feo, esto me da mala espina

■ I quite like the sound of that podría estar bien

■ by/from the sound of it, he's getting on fine por lo visto las cosas le van bien

transitive verb

1 (bell, horn, trumpet) tocar, hacer sonar; (alarm) dar (la señal de); (retreat) tocar

2 SMALLLINGUISTICS/SMALL pronunciar

intransitive verb

1 (bell, horn, alarm, etc) sonar, resonar

2 (seem) parecer; (give impression) sonar

■ how does that sound? ¿qué te parece eso?

■ it sounds lovely me parece estupendo

■ it sounds as if she knows what she's doing parece que sabe lo que hace

■ you sound like you've got a cold parece que estés resfriado

■ you sound different tu voz suena distinta

■ he sounds just like my brother es igual que mi hermano

■ does this sentence sound right to you? ¿te suena bien esta frase?

■ it sounds like Mozart (me) suena a Mozart

■ it sounds like a lie me huele a mentira

3 SMALLLINGUISTICS/SMALL pronunciarse, sonar

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

sound barrier barrera del sonido

sound card tarjeta de sonido

sound check prueba de sonido

sound effects efectos nombre masculino plural sonoros

sound engineer ingeniero,-a de sonido

sound wave onda sonora

————————

sound

tr[saʊnd]

transitive verb

1 SMALLMARITIME/SMALL sondar

2 SMALLMEDICINE/SMALL (gen) sondar; (chest) auscultar

noun

1 SMALLMEDICINE/SMALL sonda

sound ['saʊnd] vt

1) : sondar (en navegación)

2) or to sound out probe: sondear

3) : hacer sonar, tocar (una trompeta, etc.)

sound vi

1) : sonar

the alarm sounded: la alarma sonó

2) seem: parecer

sound adj

1) healthy: sano

safe and sound: sano y salvo

of sound mind and body: en pleno uso de sus facultades

2) firm, solid: sólido

3) sensible: lógico, sensato

4) deep: profundo

a sound sleep: un sueño profundo

sound n

1) : sonido m

the speed of sound: la velocidad del sonido

2) noise: sonido m, ruido m

I heard a sound: oí un sonido

3) channel: brazo m de mar, canal m (ancho)

sound

adj.

• confiable adj.

• firme adj.

• ileso, -a adj.

• macizo, -a adj.

• razonable adj.

• sano, -a adj.

• sonido, -a adj.

• sólido, -a adj.

n.

• ruido s.m.

• son s.m.

• sonda s.f.

• sonido s.m.

• tañido s.m.

• toque s.m.

v.

• fondear v.

• hondear v.

• sonar v.

• sondear v.

• tocar v.

I saʊnd
1) noun

Sense I

2) u c

a) ( noise) sonido m; (unpleasant, disturbing) ruido m

we heard the sound of footsteps — oímos (unos) pasos

don't make a sound! — no hagas ni el menor ruido!

there wasn't a sound to be heard — no se oía absolutamente nada

he woke up to the sound of birds singing — se despertó con el canto de los pájaros

b) (of music, instrument) sonido m

c) ( Ling) sonido m

a vowel sound — un sonido vocálico

3) u

a) ( Phys) sonido m; (before n)

the sound barrier — la barrera del sonido

a sound wave — una onda sonora

b) (Audio, Rad, TV) sonido m

turn the sound up/down — sube/baja el volumen; (before n)

sound effects — efectos mpl sonoros

4) ( impression conveyed) (colloq) (no pl)

I don't like the sound of that at all — eso no me huele nada bien

by o from the sound of it, everything's going very well — parece que or por lo visto todo marcha muy bien

Sense II

5) c

a) ( channel) paso m, estrecho m

b) ( inlet) brazo m

II
1.

intransitive verb

1)

a) ( give impression) sonar*

your voice sounds o you sound different on the phone — tu voz suena distinta por teléfono

you sound as if o as though you could do with a rest — me da la impresión de que no te vendría mal un descanso

it sounds as if o as though they're here now — (por el ruido) parece que ya están aquí

that sounds like Susan now — ésa debe (de) ser Susan

b) ( seem) parecer*

we'll leave at ten; how does that sound to you? — saldremos a las diez ¿qué te parece?

it sounds as if o as though you had a great time — parece que lo pasaste fenomenal

sounds like fun! — (colloq) qué divertido!

2) (make noise, resound) \<\<bell/alarm\>\> sonar*

2.

vt

1)

a) \<\<trumpet/horn\>\> tocar*, hacer* sonar

the chairman sounded a note of warning in his speech — en su discurso, el presidente llamó a la cautela

b) ( articulate) \<\<letter/consonant\>\> pronunciar

2) sound out

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- sound off

- sound out

III

adjective -er, -est

1)

a) ( healthy) sano

safe and sound — sano y salvo

I, Peter Smith, being of sound mind... — (frml) yo, Peter Smith, (estando) en pleno uso de mis facultades... (frml)

b) ( in good condition) <basis/foundation> sólido, firme; < timber> en buenas condiciones

2)

a) ( valid) <reasoning/knowledge> sólido; <advice/decision> sensato

b) ( reliable) <colleague/staff> responsable, formal

3)

a) ( deep) < sleep> profundo

b) (hard, thorough)

a sound spanking — una buena paliza

IV

adverb -er, -est

sound asleep — profundamente dormido

I [saʊnd]
1. N

1) (Phys) sonido m

the speed of sound — la velocidad del sonido

2) (=noise) ruido m

the sound of footsteps — el ruido de pasos

the sound of breaking glass — el ruido de cristales que se rompen/rompían

• consonant sounds — consonantes fpl, sonidos mpl consonánticos

• I didn't hear a sound — no oí ni un ruido

• don't make a sound! — ¡no hagas el menor ruido!

• not a sound was to be heard — no se oía or (esp LAm) sentía ruido alguno

• to the sound of the national anthem — al son del himno nacional

• they were within sound of the camp — el campamento estaba al alcance del oído

• he opened the door without a sound — abrió la puerta sin hacer nada de ruido

3) (=volume) volumen m

can I turn the sound down? — ¿puedo bajar el volumen?

4) (=musical style)

the Glenn Miller sound — la música de Glenn Miller

5) (fig) (=impression)

• by the sound of it — según parece

• I don't like the sound of it — (film etc) por lo que he oído, no me gusta nada; (situation) me preocupa, me da mala espina

2. VT

1) [+ horn, trumpet] tocar, hacer sonar; [+ bell] tocar; [+ alarm, warning] dar; [+ praises] cantar, entonar

• to sound the charge — (Mil) tocar la carga

• sound your horn! — (Aut) ¡toca el claxon!

• to sound a note of warning — (fig) dar la señal de alarma

• to sound the retreat — (Mil) tocar la retirada

2) (=pronounce) pronunciar

sound your "r"s more — pronuncia más claro la "r"

to sound the "d" in "hablado" — pronunciar la "d" en "hablado"

3. VI

1) (=emit sound) sonar

the bell sounded — sonó el timbre

a cannon sounded a long way off — se oyó un cañón a lo lejos, sonó or resonó un cañón a lo lejos

2) (=appear to be)

a) (from aural clues) sonar

it sounds hollow — suena a hueco

he sounds Italian to me — por la voz, diría que es italiano

he sounded angry — parecía enfadado

• it sounds like French — suena a francés

that sounds like them arriving now — parece que llegan ahora

b) (from available information) sonar, parecer

it sounds very odd — suena muy raro

that sounds interesting — eso suena interesante

• it sounds as if or as though she won't be coming — parece que no va a venir

• how does it sound to you? — ¿qué te parece?

• that sounds like a good idea — eso parece buena idea

she sounds like a nice girl — parece una chica simpática

4.

CPD

sound archive N — archivo m de sonido

sound barrier N — barrera f del sonido

sound bite N — cita f jugosa

sound card N — (Comput) tarjeta f de sonido

sound effect N — efecto m sonoro

sound engineer N — ingeniero(-a) m / f de sonido

sound file N — (Comput) fichero m de sonido

sound law N — ley f fonética

sound library N — fonoteca f

sound mixer N — (=engineer) ingeniero(-a) m / f de sonido

sound recording N — grabación f sonora

sound recordist N — (TV) registrador(a) m / f de sonido

sound shift N — cambio m de pronunciación

sound system N — (Ling) sistema m fonológico; (=hi-fi) cadena f de sonido

sound truck N — (US) furgón m publicitario

sound wave N — (Phys) onda f sonora

- sound off

II

[saʊnd]
VT
1) (Naut) sondar

2) (Med) [+ chest] auscultar; [+ cavity, passage] sondar

to sound sb's chest — auscultar el pecho a algn

- sound out

III [saʊnd]
1. ADJ
(compar sounder) (superl soundest)
1) (=in good condition) sano; [constitution] robusto; [structure] sólido, firme

to be sound in mind and body — ser sano de cuerpo y de espíritu

in sound condition — en buenas condiciones

to be of sound mind — estar en su cabal juicio

- be as sound as a bell
safe 1., 1)
2) (=well-founded) [argument] bien fundado, sólido; [ideas, opinions] válido, razonable; [investment] bueno, seguro; [training] sólido; [decision, choice] acertado

his reasoning is perfectly sound — su argumentación es perfectamente válida

she gave me some sound advice — me dio un buen consejo

he's sound enough on the theory — tiene una preparación sólida en cuanto a la teoría

3) (=dependable) [person] formal, digno de confianza

he's a very sound man — es un hombre formal or digno de confianza

he's a sound worker — es buen trabajador, trabaja con seriedad

4) (=thorough)

to give sb a sound beating — dar a algn una buena paliza

5) (=deep, untroubled) [sleep] profundo

2.

ADV

to be sound asleep — estar profundamente dormido

I shall sleep the sounder for it — por eso dormiré más tranquilamente

IV

[saʊnd]
N (Geog) estrecho m, brazo m de mar
* * *

I [saʊnd]
1) noun

Sense I

2) u c

a) ( noise) sonido m; (unpleasant, disturbing) ruido m

we heard the sound of footsteps — oímos (unos) pasos

don't make a sound! — no hagas ni el menor ruido!

there wasn't a sound to be heard — no se oía absolutamente nada

he woke up to the sound of birds singing — se despertó con el canto de los pájaros

b) (of music, instrument) sonido m

c) ( Ling) sonido m

a vowel sound — un sonido vocálico

3) u

a) ( Phys) sonido m; (before n)

the sound barrier — la barrera del sonido

a sound wave — una onda sonora

b) (Audio, Rad, TV) sonido m

turn the sound up/down — sube/baja el volumen; (before n)

sound effects — efectos mpl sonoros

4) ( impression conveyed) (colloq) (no pl)

I don't like the sound of that at all — eso no me huele nada bien

by o from the sound of it, everything's going very well — parece que or por lo visto todo marcha muy bien

Sense II

5) c

a) ( channel) paso m, estrecho m

b) ( inlet) brazo m

II
1.

intransitive verb

1)

a) ( give impression) sonar*

your voice sounds o you sound different on the phone — tu voz suena distinta por teléfono

you sound as if o as though you could do with a rest — me da la impresión de que no te vendría mal un descanso

it sounds as if o as though they're here now — (por el ruido) parece que ya están aquí

that sounds like Susan now — ésa debe (de) ser Susan

b) ( seem) parecer*

we'll leave at ten; how does that sound to you? — saldremos a las diez ¿qué te parece?

it sounds as if o as though you had a great time — parece que lo pasaste fenomenal

sounds like fun! — (colloq) qué divertido!

2) (make noise, resound) \<\<bell/alarm\>\> sonar*

2.

vt

1)

a) \<\<trumpet/horn\>\> tocar*, hacer* sonar

the chairman sounded a note of warning in his speech — en su discurso, el presidente llamó a la cautela

b) ( articulate) \<\<letter/consonant\>\> pronunciar

2) sound out

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- sound off

- sound out

III

adjective -er, -est

1)

a) ( healthy) sano

safe and sound — sano y salvo

I, Peter Smith, being of sound mind... — (frml) yo, Peter Smith, (estando) en pleno uso de mis facultades... (frml)

b) ( in good condition) <basis/foundation> sólido, firme; < timber> en buenas condiciones

2)

a) ( valid) <reasoning/knowledge> sólido; <advice/decision> sensato

b) ( reliable) <colleague/staff> responsable, formal

3)

a) ( deep) < sleep> profundo

b) (hard, thorough)

a sound spanking — una buena paliza

IV

adverb -er, -est

sound asleep — profundamente dormido

English-spanish dictionary > sound
103 stock

{stɔk}
I. 1. пън (и прен.), дънер, ствол, стъбло, присад
STOCKs and stones неодушевени предмети, прен. безчувствени хора, кютюци
2. опора, подпора, подставка
рl греди, върху които се поставя кораб в строеж
on the STOCKs в строеж, прен. в подготвителна фаза
3. дръжка, ръкохватка
4. приклад, ложа (на пушка)
5. ост. ист. дървена стегалка, обик. за краката на дребни нарушители, тумрук
6. род, произход, семейство, сой, порода, раса
7. група сродни езици, езиково семейство
8. запас, наличност, инвентар
9. добитък, стока
in STOCK на склад, в наличност
out of STOCK изчерпан, изпродаден
to lay in a STOCK of запасявам се с
to take STOCK инвентаризирам, прен. правя преглед
разглеждам критично, преценявам (of)
10. капитал на дружество, основен капитал, акции, ост. държавен заем
the STOCKs ост. държавни ценни книжа
to take STOCK купувам акции, ставам акционер
to take STOCK in sl. вярвам в, придавам значение на
to set STOCK by интересувам се от, ценя
his STOCK stands high той се котира високо, ценят го
his STOCK is rising/falling прен. акциите му се покачват/спадат
to put little STOCK in не вярвам много на
11. суров материал, вторични суровини, отпадъци
12. булъон
13. старовремска широка връзка
14. бот. летен шибой (Matthiola)
15. биол. колония, сложен организъм
16. парк (от коли), подвижен състав
17. средно денонощно производство
18. картu нераздадената част на колодата
19. тех. винторезна дъска
20. метал. шихта, шаржа
21. подложка (при присаждане)
22. мор. напречник, кръстовище (на котва)
23. ам. театр. постоянен репертоар
24. търг. оборотен капитал, ик. паричен фонд, национално богатство
II. 1. снабдявам, оборудвам
to STOCK a pond with fish зарибявам езеро
to STOCK a park with game развъждам дивеч в парк
to STOCK a shop зареждам магазин със стоки
to STOCK one's mind with knowledge натрупвам знания
2. имам/държа на склад, продавам, имам в наличие/за продан, запасявам (се)
3. засявам
4. слагам приклад (на пушка), поставям ръкохватка и пр
5. ист. слагам (нарушител) в стегалка/тумрук
III. 1. наличен, постоянно на разположение/на склад
2. постоянен, неизменен, обичаен, шаблонен (за шега и пр.)
STOCK phrase изтъркана фраза
3. стандартен (за артикул)
4. разплоден, за разплод (за добитък)

* * *

{stъk} n 1. пън (и прен.); дънер, ствол; стъбло; присад; stocks and(2) {stъk} v 1. снабдявам, оборудвам; to stock a pond with fish зар{3} {stъk} а 1. наличен, постоянно на разположение/на склад; 2.

* * *

фондов; шаблонен; фонд; сой; стока; снабдявам; стоков; опора; обзавеждам; затревявам; запас; колония; наличен; наличност;

* * *
1. 1 биол. колония, сложен организъм 2. 1 бот. летен шибой (matthiola) 3. 1 булъон 4. 1 картu нераздадената част на колодата 5. 1 парк (от коли), подвижен състав 6. 1 средно денонощно производство 7. 1 старовремска широка връзка 8. 1 суров материал, вторични суровини, отпадъци 9. 1 тех. винторезна дъска 10. 2 ам. театр. постоянен репертоар 11. 2 мор. напречник, кръстовище (на котва) 12. 2 подложка (при присаждане) 13. 2 търг. оборотен капитал, ик. паричен фонд, национално богатство 14. 20. метал. шихта, шаржа 15. his stock is rising/falling прен. акциите му се покачват/спадат 16. his stock stands high той се котира високо, ценят го 17. i. пън (и прен.), дънер, ствол, стъбло, присад 18. ii. снабдявам, оборудвам 19. iii. наличен, постоянно на разположение/на склад 20. in stock на склад, в наличност 21. on the stocks в строеж, прен. в подготвителна фаза 22. out of stock изчерпан, изпродаден 23. stock phrase изтъркана фраза 24. stocks and stones неодушевени предмети, прен. безчувствени хора, кютюци 25. the stocks ост. държавни ценни книжа 26. to lay in a stock of запасявам се с 27. to put little stock in не вярвам много на 28. to set stock by интересувам се от, ценя 29. to stock a park with game развъждам дивеч в парк 30. to stock a pond with fish зарибявам езеро 31. to stock a shop зареждам магазин със стоки 32. to stock one's mind with knowledge натрупвам знания 33. to take stock in sl. вярвам в, придавам значение на 34. to take stock инвентаризирам, прен. правя преглед 35. to take stock купувам акции, ставам акционер 36. група сродни езици, езиково семейство 37. добитък, стока 38. дръжка, ръкохватка 39. запас, наличност, инвентар 40. засявам 41. имам/държа на склад, продавам, имам в наличие/за продан, запасявам (се) 42. ист. слагам (нарушител) в стегалка/тумрук 43. капитал на дружество, основен капитал, акции, ост. държавен заем 44. опора, подпора, подставка 45. ост. ист. дървена стегалка, обик. за краката на дребни нарушители, тумрук 46. постоянен, неизменен, обичаен, шаблонен (за шега и пр.) 47. приклад, ложа (на пушка) 48. рl греди, върху които се поставя кораб в строеж 49. разглеждам критично, преценявам (of) 50. разплоден, за разплод (за добитък) 51. род, произход, семейство, сой, порода, раса 52. слагам приклад (на пушка), поставям ръкохватка и пр 53. стандартен (за артикул)
* * *

stock[stɔk] I. n 1. фин. капитал на дружество, основен капитал (и joint \stock); акции, държавен заем; pl the \stocks държавни ценни книжа; to buy ( hold) \stocks купувам, притежавам акции от държавен заем; to take \stock (in) купувам акции, ставам акционер (в); прен. интересувам се (от), отдавам значение (на); to have money in the \stocks вложил съм пари в държавни ценни книжа; his \stock stands high той се котира високо, ценен е; his \stock is rising акциите му се качват; 2. запас, фонд, наличност (of); basic word \stock основен речников фонд; live \stock животни, стока; dead \stock мъртъв инвентар; in \stock на склад; out of \stock разпродаден, изчерпан; to lay in a \stock of запасявам се с; to take \stock инвентаризирам; прен. правя преглед, разглеждам, хвърлям критичен поглед, преценявам (of); 3. род, раса, семейство, порода, сорт, джинс, сой; of good \stock от добро семейство, от сой; 4. дръжка; 5. приклад, ложа на оръжие (пушка) (и gun \stock); прен. lock, \stock and barrel adv изцяло; 6. опора, подпора, подставка; pl греди, върху които почива кораб в строеж; скеле; прен. в подготвителна фаза; 7. рядко ствол, стъбло, дънер, пън, коренище, присад; 8. ост. pl тумрук, дървени окови на краката на затворник; пранги; 9. суров материал; paper \stock парцали (и пр.) като материал за правене на хартия; 10. бульон (и soup \stock); 11. старовремска широка вратовръзка; 12. летен шибой; 13. биол. колония, сложен организъм; 14. парк (от коли); подвижен състав; 15. мин. средно денонощно производство; 16. карти нераздадената част на колодата; 17. разг. интерес; to set \stock by интересувам се от, ценя; 18. тех. винторезна дъска; 19. мет. шихта, дажба, шаржа; 20. подложка (при присаждане); 21. тяло (на логаритмична линия); 22. напречник, кръстовище (на котва); II. v 1. снабдявам, обзавеждам; to \stock a park with game развъждам дивеч в парк; to \stock a pond with fish зарибявам езеро; to \stock o.'s mind with knowledge обогатявам знанията си; 2. имам на склад, продавам; 3.: to \stock up on запасявам се с, купувам големи количества; 4. затревявам; 5. слагам приклад (ложа) на пушка; 6. ост. оковавам в тумрук; III. adj 1. (винаги) на разположение; наличен, на склад; 2. постоянен изтъркан, неоригинален, банален, шаблонен; \stock joke банална шега.

English-Bulgarian dictionary > stock
104 working

1. noun
1) Arbeiten, das

2) (way something works) Arbeitsweise, die

I cannot follow the workings of his mind — ich kann seinen Gedankengängen nicht folgen
2. attributive adjective
1) handlungsfähig [Mehrheit]; [Entwurf, Vereinbarung] als Ausgangspunkt

2) (in employment) arbeitend; werktätig

working man — (labourer) Arbeiter, der

* * *

work·ing

[ˈwɜ:kɪŋ, AM ˈwɜ:rk-]

I. adj attr, inv

1. (employed) berufstätig, erwerbstätig

the ordinary \working man [or AM Joe] der einfache Arbeiter

the \working population die arbeitende Bevölkerung

2. (pertaining to work) Arbeits-

\working breakfast/lunch Arbeitsfrühstück nt/-essen nt

\working clothes Arbeitskleidung f

\working conditions Arbeitsbedingungen pl

\working hour/hours Arbeitsstunde f/-zeit f

\working model Arbeitsmodell nt

\working practices Arbeitsweise f

\working relationship Arbeitsverhältnis nt

37-hour \working week 37-Stunden-Woche f

3. (functioning) funktionierend attr

\working order Betriebsfähigkeit f, Funktionsfähigkeit f

to be in good \working order sich akk in gutem Zustand befinden, gut in Schuss sein fam

to restore sth to \working order etw wieder in Ordnung bringen

in \working order betriebsfähig, funktionstüchtig

the \working parts of a machine die beweglichen Teile

4. (of theory)

\working definition/hypothesis/theory Arbeitsdefinition f/-hypothese f/-theorie f

5. (basic) Arbeits-

to have a \working knowledge of sth in etw dat Grundkenntnisse haben

6. (of animal)

\working dog/horse Arbeitshund m/-pferd nt

II. n

1. no pl (activity) Arbeiten nt, Arbeit f

2. no pl MIN (extracting minerals) Abbau m, Gewinnung f

opencast \working Abbau m über Tage

3. MIN

▪ \working [or \workings] (mine) Grube f, Mine f; (part of mine) Schacht m

4.

▶ the \workings of fate die Wege des Schicksals

* * *
['wɜːkɪŋ]
1. adj

1) (= engaged in work) population arbeitend, berufstätig; (COMM) partner aktiv

working man — Arbeiter m

I'm a working man, I need my rest — ich arbeite den ganzen Tag, ich brauche meine Ruhe

working wives — berufstätige Ehefrauen pl

working woman — berufstätige Frau

2) (= spent in or used for working) Arbeits-

working conditions — Arbeitsbedingungen pl

working hours — Arbeitszeit f

during working hours — während der Arbeitszeit

your order will be sent within three working days — ihre Bestellung wird innerhalb von drei Werktagen geschickt

3) (= provisional) Arbeits-; (= sufficient) majority arbeitsfähig

to have a working majority — eine arbeitsfähige Mehrheit haben

working hypothesis — Arbeitshypothese f

in working order — funktionsfähig

in good/perfect working order — voll funktionsfähig

working knowledge — Grundkenntnisse pl

4) farm, mill, sailing ship, steam train in Betrieb

2. n

1) (= work) Arbeiten nt, Arbeit f

2) pl (= way sth works) Arbeitsweise f, Funktionsweise f

workings of fate — Wege pl des Schicksal

workings of the mind — Gedankengänge pl

in order to understand the workings of this machine/system — um zu verstehen, wie die Maschine/das System funktioniert

3) pl (MIN) Schächte pl, Gänge pl; (of quarry) Grube f

* * *

working

A s

1. Arbeiten n

2. auch pl Wirken n, Tun n, Tätigkeit f

3. TECH Be-, Verarbeitung f

4. TECH

a) Funktionieren n

b) Arbeitsweise f

5. meist pl Bergbau etc:

a) Abbau m

b) Grube f

6. mühsame Arbeit, Kampf m

B adj

1. arbeitend, berufs-, werktätig:

the working population auch die Erwerbsbevölkerung;

working mother berufstätige Mutter;

working student Werkstudent(in)

2. Arbeits…:

working clothes;

working companion Arbeitskamerad(in);

working method Arbeitsverfahren n

3. WIRTSCH, TECH Betriebs…:

working cost;

working voltage

4. grundlegend, Ausgangs…, Arbeits…:

working hypothesis Arbeitshypothese f;

working title Arbeitstitel m (eines Buchs etc)

5. brauchbar, praktisch:

working knowledge ausreichende Kenntnisse pl

* * *
1. noun
1) Arbeiten, das

2) (way something works) Arbeitsweise, die

I cannot follow the workings of his mind — ich kann seinen Gedankengängen nicht folgen
2. attributive adjective
1) handlungsfähig [Mehrheit]; [Entwurf, Vereinbarung] als Ausgangspunkt

2) (in employment) arbeitend; werktätig

working man — (labourer) Arbeiter, der

* * *

adj.

arbeitend adj. n.

Gang ¨-e m.

English-german dictionary > working
105 system

1) система || системный

2) система; установка; устройство; комплекс

3) программа

•

- accounting system
- adaptive control system
- address selection system
- addressing system
- advice-giving system
- AI planning system
- AI system
- analog computing system
- analog-digital computing system
- analysis information system
- application system
- arabic number system
- arithmetic system
- assembly system
- asymmetrical system
- atomic system
- attached processor system
- audio system
- authoring system
- automated office system
- automatic block system
- automatic checkout system
- automatic control system
- automatic search system
- automatic test system
- automatically programmed system
- automatically taught system
- autoprogrammable system
- axiomatic system
- backup system
- bad system
- bang-bang system
- base-2 system
- basic system
- batch-processing system
- binary system
- binary-coded decimal system
- binary-number system
- biquinary system
- bit-mapped system
- bit-slice system
- black-board expert system
- block parity system
- buddy system
- business system
- bus-oriented system
- bussed system
- CAD system
- call-reply system
- carrier system
- cause-controlled system
- character recognition system
- character-reading system
- chargeback system
- check sum error-detecting system
- chip-layout system
- clock system
- closed loop system
- closed system
- co-authoring system
- code recognition system
- code system
- coded-decimal system
- code-dependent system
- code-insensitive system
- code-sensitive system
- code-transparent system
- coding system
- coincident selection system
- cold system
- color-coded system
- command system
- common-bus system
- communication data system
- communications-oriented system
- complete articulated system
- computer system
- computer-aided design system
- computer-aided system
- computer-based system
- computer-based weapon system
- computerized system
- computing system
- concatenated coding system
- concealment system
- conservative system
- contention system
- continuous presence system
- control system
- controlled system
- controlling system
- coordinate system
- cordonnier system
- costrained vision system
- cross system
- crossbar switch system
- data acquisition system
- data collection system
- data exchange system
- data flow system
- data gethering system
- data handling system
- data management system
- data preparation system
- data processing system
- data reduction system
- data retrieval system
- data storage system
- data system
- data transmission system
- database management system
- database support system
- data-managed system
- decimal number system
- decimal system
- decimal numeration system
- decision support system
- decision-aided system
- decision-making system
- decision-support system
- decision-taking system
- decoding selection system
- decomposable system
- dedicated system
- degenerate system
- design library support system
- design-automation system
- design-verification system
- development support system
- development system
- digital communication system
- digital computing system
- direct-current system
- directly coupled system
- discrete system
- discrete-continuous system
- disk operating system
- display system
- distributed database management system
- distributed function system
- distributed intelligence system
- distributed parameter system
- distributed system
- distribution system
- double intermediate tape system
- down system
- drafting system
- dual system
- dual-computer system
- dual-processor system
- duodecimal number system
- duodecimal system
- duotricenary number system
- duotricenary system
- duplexed computer system
- duplex computer system
- dyadic number system
- dyadic system
- dynamic mapping system
- dynamic scene system
- dynamic support system
- electronic data processing system
- electronic sorting system
- encoding system
- equipment adapted data system
- erasing system
- error-controlled system
- error-correcting system
- error-detecting system
- executive file-control system
- executive system
- expert control system
- expert support system
- expert system
- expert-planning system
- externally pulsed system
- fail-safe system
- fail-soft system
- fan-out system
- fault-tolerant system
- feasible system
- federated system
- feed system
- feedback system
- feedforward control system
- fiche retrieval system
- file control system
- file system
- fixed-lenght record system
- fixed-point system
- fixed-radix numeration system
- floating-point system
- fluid transport system
- follow-up system
- forgiving system
- front-end system
- fuzzy expert system
- generic expert system
- geographically distributed system
- goal-seeking system
- good system
- graceful degradation system
- graphic data system
- graphics display system
- graphics system
- help system
- heterogeneous system
- hexadecimal number system
- hexadecimal system
- high-availability system

- homogeneous system
- host system
- hostless system
- host-satellite system
- human visual system
- hunting system
- hypermedia system
- imaging system
- incremental system
- independent system
- indirectly coupled system
- information storage and retrieval system
- information retrieval system
- information handling system
- information management system
- information processing system
- information system
- information-feedback system
- in-plant system
- input/output control system
- instruction system
- instrumentation management system
- integrated system
- intelligence system
- interactive control system
- interactive system
- intercommunicating system
- interlock system
- internal number system
- internal system
- Internet-enabled system
- interrupt system
- isolated system
- kernel system
- key-to-disk/tape system
- knowledge base management system
- knowledge system
- knowledge-based system
- large-scale computing system
- laser communication system
- layered control system
- legacy operating system

- level-signal system
- lexicon-driven system
- library reference system
- local-network system
- long-haul system
- lumped-parameter system
- machine tool control system
- machine-limited system
- machine-oriented programming system
- macroinstruction system
- macro system
- magnetic memory system
- magnetic recording system
- magnetic tape plotting system
- mail message system
- mail system
- mailbox system
- management information system
- man-machine system
- mapping system
- map-reading system
- mass memory system
- mass storage system
- master/slave system
- matrix memory system
- memory driver system
- memory system
- message handling system
- message system
- microcomputer system
- microfilm printing system
- midsplit system
- MIMO system
- mixed-base numbering system
- mixed-base number system
- mixed-radix numeration system
- model-based expert system
- modular system
- monitoring system
- monitor system
- mosaic system
- multiagent system

- multichannel system
- multicomputer system
- multidimensional system
- multifrequency system
- multilevel storage system
- multiloop system
- multimaster communication system
- multimicroprocessor system
- multiple computation system
- multiple-bus system
- multiple-coincident magnetic storage system
- multiple-output control system
- multiplex system
- multiport system
- multiprocessing system
- multiprocessor system
- multiprogramming computer system
- multiprogramming system
- multisite system
- multispeaker system
- multistable system
- multitasking operating system
- multiterminal system
- multiuser computer system
- multiuser system
- multiuser operating system
- multivariable system
- multivariate system
- negative-base number representation system
- negative-base number system
- network operating system
- node-replicated system
- noncomputerized system
- nonconsistently based number system
- nondegenerate system
- number representation system
- numbering system
- number system
- numeral system
- numeration system
- numerical system
- octal number system
- octal system
- office automation system
- off-line system
- on-demand system
- one-level storage system
- one-loop system
- one-over-one address system
- on-line system
- open-ended system
- open system
- open-loop system
- operating system
- operational system
- optical memory system
- overdetermined system
- overload-hold system
- page-on-demand system
- panelboard system
- paper-tape system
- parameter-driven expert system
- pattern recognition system
- peek-a-boo system
- peripheral system
- pipeline system
- polled system
- polymorphic system
- polyphase system
- portable system
- positional representation system
- Post-production system
- priority scheduling system
- priority system
- procedural expert system
- process control system
- processor-sharing system
- production control system
- production system
- program system
- programming system
- protection system
- pulse system
- pulse-or-no-pulse system
- pulse-signal system
- punch card computer system
- pure-binary numeration system
- purposeful system
- quadruplex system
- question-answering system
- queueing system
- queue system
- radix numbering system
- radix number system
- reactive system
- reading system
- real-time expert system
- real-time operating system
- real-time system
- reasoning system
- recognition system
- recording system
- recovery system
- reduntant number system
- reduntant system
- reflected binary number system
- reflected binary system
- refreshment system
- remote-access system
- replicating system
- representation system
- request-repeat system
- rerecording system
- residue number system
- residue system
- resource-sharing system
- restorable system
- retrieval system
- retrieval-only system
- rewrite system

- right-handed coordinate system
- robotic system
- robot system
- rule-based expert system
- rule-based system
- scalable system
- selection system
- self-adapting system
- self-adjusting system
- self-aligning system
- self-balancing system
- self-check system
- self-contained system
- self-correcting system
- self-descriptive system
- self-learning system
- self-organizing system
- self-sustained oscillation system
- self-test system
- sensor-based system
- sequential scheduling system
- sexadecimal number system
- sexadecimal system
- shared-files system
- shell expert system
- silicon-development system
- simplex system
- single-drive system
- single-inheritance system
- single-phase clock system
- single-site system
- single-user computer system
- SISO system
- skeletal expert system
- slave system
- soft-sectored disk system
- software system
- sound system
- source code control system
- source-destination system
- space-division system
- stabilizing system
- stable system
- stand-alone system
- start-stop system
- state-determined system
- stepped start-stop system
- stereo system
- stochastically disturbed system
- storage system
- stripped-down expert system
- subsplit system
- supervisor control system
- switching system
- symbolic assembly system
- syntactical system
- system explanation system
- system of logic
- system of notation
- system with delay
- system with time lag
- tabulating system
- tape data processing system
- tape drive system
- tape handling system
- tape operating system
- tape plotting system
- tape resident system
- tape-oriented system
- target system
- taught system
- telecommunictions system
- telecontrol system
- terminal system
- ternary number system
- ternary system
- test system
- testbed system
- text-to-speech system
- time-division system
- time-pattern control system
- time-shared system
- time-shared-bus system
- time-sharing system
- timing system
- total system
- translating system
- translation system
- translator writing system
- transmitting system
- tree-structured system
- trusted computer system
- two-failure mode system
- two-level return system
- two-level system
- two-phase clock system
- ultrastable system
- Unified system
- uninterruptible power system
- uniprocessor system
- unrestorable system
- unstable system
- up system
- variable-lenght record system
- virtual system
- virtual-memory operating system
- vision system
- visual system
- voice/audio processing system
- voice-response system
- volunteer system
- weighted number system
- weighted system
- writing system
- xerox copy system
- zero-one system

English-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > system
106 Thomas, Sidney Gilchrist

SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy

[br]

b. 16 April 1850 London, England

d. 1 February 1885 Paris, France

[br]

English inventor of basic steelmaking.

[br]

Thomas was educated at Dulwich College and from the age of 17, for the next twelve years, he made his living as a police-court clerk, although he studied chemistry in his spare time as an evening student at Birkbeck College, London. While there, he heard of the difficulties encountered by the Bessemer steelmaking process, which at that time was limited to using phosphorus-free iron. Any of this element present in the iron was oxidized to phosphoric acid, which would not react with the acidic lining in the converter, with the result that it would remain in the iron and render it too brittle to use. Unfortunately, phosphoric iron ores are more common than those free of this harmful element. Thomas was attracted by the view that a fortune awaited anyone who could solve this problem, and was not discouraged by the failure of several august figures in the industry, including Siemens and Lowthian Bell.

Thomas's knowledge of chemistry taught him that whereas an acidic lining allowed the phosphorus to remain in the iron, a basic lining would react with it to form part of the slag, which could then be tapped off. His experiments to find a suitable material were conducted in difficult conditions, in his spare time with meagre apparatus. Finally he found that a converter lined with dolomite, a form of limestone, would succeed, and he appealed to his cousin Percy Carlyle Gilchrist, Chemist at the Blaenavon Ironworks in Monmouthshire, for help in carrying out pilot-scale trials. In 1879 he gave up his police-court job to devote himself to the work, and in the same year they patented the Thomas- Gilchrist process. The first licence to use it was granted to Bolckow, Vaughan \& Co. of Middlesborough, and there the first steel was made in a basic Bessemer converter on 4 April 1879. The process was rapidly taken up and spread widely in Europe and beyond and was applied to other furnaces. Thomas made a fortune, but his health did not long allow him to enjoy it, for he died at the early age of 34.

[br]

Bibliography

Further Reading

L.G.Thompson, 1940, Sidney Gilchrist Thomas, an Invention and Its Consequences, London: Faber.

T.G.Davies, 1978, Blaenavon and Sidney Gilchrist Thomas, Sheffield: Historical Metallurgy Society.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Thomas, Sidney Gilchrist
107 product

сущ.

1)

а) эк. продукт, изделие, товар (предмет, созданный человеком, машиной или природой; чаще всего имеются в виду предметы, созданные с целью продажи); мн. продукция

dairy products — молочная продукция

food products — продукты, продовольственные товары

skin-care products — средства для ухода за кожей

average quality product — товар среднего (уровня) качества

high-quality product — товар высокого качества, высококачественный [первоклассный\] товар

premium quality [premium grade\] product — товар высшего сорта [качества\], товар класса премиум-класса

undiscounted products — товары, продаваемые без скидки

low-priced product — недорогой продукт

fairly-priced product — товар по приемлемой [справедливой\] цене

product market — товарный рынок

product analysis — товарный анализ

product assortment — товарный ассортимент

product technology — технология производства продукции

to develop a product — разрабатывать товар (создавать идею и образец нового товара)

See:

acceptable product, accessory product, actual product, adulterated product, advanced technology products, ageing product, agricultural product, alimentary products, allied products, all-meat product, alternative products, ancillary product, anonymous product, augmented product, bakery products 1), basic product, beauty product, best-selling product, business products, by-product 1), &3, capitalized product, captive product, characteristic product, 2), co-product, commercialized product, commodity product, common product, comparable products, competing products, competiting products, competitive product, competitive products, complementary products, complete product, complicated product, conforming product, consumer products, consumer durable product, convenience products, core product, crop products, custom-designed product, customized product, custom-made product, declining product, deficient product, dehydrated product, differentiated product, diminishing marginal product, disposable product, diversified products, DIY product, do-it-yourself product, domestic product, durable products, egg product, electronics products, end product 2), &3, energy-saving product, entrenched product, essential product, established product, ethical product, ethnic product, everyday product, exclusive product, export products, fair trade product, fairly traded product, fairtrade product, fighting product, final product 1), а&2, financial product, food products, foreign products, formal product, functional product, generic product, global product, green products, grooming product, hair-care product, half-finished product, harmful product, health product, hedonic product, heterogeneous product, high performance product, high quality product, high-interest product 1), high-involvement products, high-margin product, high-reliability product, high-risk product, high-tech product, high-turnover product, high-value product, home-grown product, home-produced product, homogeneous product, hot product, household cleaning product, household maintenance products, household product, hygiene product, imitative product, imperfect product, import products, import-sensitive products, impulse product, industrial product, inferior product, information product, innovative product, in-process product, intangible product, interlocking products, intermediate product, investigated product, joint product, key product, knowledge-intensive product, known product, laundry products, lead product, leading edge product, leisure products, leisure-time products, licensed product, line extension product, livestock product, low-interest product 1), low-involvement products, low-value product, luxury product, main product 2), &3, manufactured products, marginal physical product, marginal product, mature product, me-too product, metal product, misbranded product, multinational product, multiple-use product 2), mundane product, national product, necessary product, necessity product, new product, no-name product, nonconforming product, non-conforming product, non-durable products, nonfood products, non-standard product, novel product, office products, off-price product, off-standard product, oil products, one-shot product, optional product, over-engineered product, paper products, parity products, patentable product, patented product, patent-protected product, payment product, pension product, pharmaceutical product, physical product, plant products, potential product, premium product, prestige products, price-sensitive product, primary products, prime product, printed products, private brand products, private label products, processed product, qualified product, quality products, ready-made product, rejected product, related product, replacement product, representative product, retirement product, revenue product, revised product, safe product, saleable product, salutary product, satisfactory product, scarce product, second generation product, secondary product, semi-finished products, shoddy product, sideline product, single-use product, skill-intensive product, slow-moving product, social product, sophisticated product, standardized products, sugared product, superior product, supplementary products, surplus product, synthetic product, tainted products, tangible product, tied product, tied products, tinned products, tobacco products 1), tying products, unacceptable product, unbranded product, unidentified product, unpatented product, unsafe product, unsaleable product, unsatisfactory product, utilitarian product, vendible product, viable product, wanted product, well-designed product, worthwhile product, product acceptability, product acceptance, product adaptability, product adaptation, product addition, product advertising, product analysis, product announcement, product application, product area, product arsenal, product assessment, product association, product assortment, product assurance, product augmentation, product availability, product awareness, product benefit, product billing, product brand, product branding, product bundling, product capabilities, product category, product choice, product claim, product class, product classification, product company, product compatibility, product competition, product comprehension, product concept, product conception, product control, product copy, product cost, product costing, product coverage, product cycle, product decision, product deletion, product demand, product demonstration, product departmentalization, product design, product development, product differences, product differentiation, product display, product distribution network, product diversification, product division, product element, product elimination, product engineering, product enhancement, product evaluation, product evolution, product exchange, product exhaustion, product expansion, product extension, product failure, product family, product field, product flows, product form, product graduation, product group, product homogeneity, product idea, product image, product improvement, product inflation, product innovation, product inspection, product integrity, product introduction, product invention, product item, product knowledge, product label, product labelling, product layout, product leveraging, product liability, product life, product life cycle, product line, product lineup, product literature, product management, product manager, product manual, product market, product marketing, product matching, product message, product mix, product modification, product name, product nameplate, product offering, product opportunity, product organization, product orientation, product origin, product patent, product perception, product performance, product personality, product placement, product plan, product planner, product planning, product policy, product portfolio, product position, product positioning, product preference, product presentation, product price, product pricing, product profile, product proliferation, product promotion, product proof, product protection, product publicity, product puffery, product quality, product quantity, product range, product rationalization, product recall, product release, product requirements, product research, product research and development, product retailer, product revision, product revolution, product safety, product sales, product sample, product sampling, product satisfaction, product segment, product segmentation, product shortage, product specialization, product specifications, product standard, product statement, product strategy, product structure, product style, product styling, product subline, product superiority, product survey, product tangibility, product team, product technology, product test, product testimony, product testing, product trial, product type, product uniformity, product usage, product validation, product variation, product variety, product warranty, endorse a product, Central Product Classification, Certificate of Pharmaceutical Product, Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers, Clay Product and Refractory Manufacturing, debt-for-products swap

б) эк. продукт, объем продукции ( количество произведенных товаров или услуг)

company's product — продукция компании, товары компании

See:

bakery products 2), final product 1) б), industry product, multiple-use product 1) б)

2) общ. результат, продукт (итог какой-л. деятельности)

products of one's labour — результаты труда

History is the product of social and economic forces. — История — это результат взаимодействия общественных и экономических факторов.

the product of this activity is radiation — в результате этой деятельности появляется радиация.

See:

end product 1), by-product 2), main product 1), waste products, work product

3) мат. произведение ( результат умножения двух чисел)

* * *
продукт, товар: что-либо производимое для продажи.
* * *

продукт

* * *

Продукт
. . Словарь экономических терминов .
* * *

Реклама

рекламируемый товар

Англо-русский экономический словарь > product
108 technique

1) техника

2) способ; метод (method) метод; способ

- access-control technique

- anaxiomatization heuristic technique

- basic telecommunication access technique

- branch-and-bound technique

- break-in technique

- brute force technique

- callback technique

- challenge/response technique

- cipher feedback technique

- code-breaking technique

- communication access technique

- computer-based codebreaking technique

- comparison technique

- confusion technique

- cryptographic technique

- cryptanalytical technique

- cryptographical technique

- deterministic technique

- DH key distribution technique

- dial-up/callback technique

- dialog technique

- Diffie-Hellman key distribution technique

- direct-access technique

- direct entry technique

- direct search technique

- ECB technique

- electronic-codebook technique

- encryption technique

- error detection technique

- exclusive OR technique

- exhaustive technique

- expert evaluation technique

- feature extraction technique

- feedback technique

- Fiat-Shamir technique

- finite difference technique

- handshake technique

- heuristic technique

- hierarchical technique

- inverse transform technique

- iterative scrambling technique

- key-negotiation technique

- key-searching technique

- key searching technique

- key sharing technique

- letter-pattern technique

- Monte-Carlo technique

- number-theoretic technique

- pass-through technique

- password technique

- penetration technique

- probable word technique

- pseudorandom time division technique

- quadratic residue technique

- question-and-answer technique

- question-answer technique

- perturbation technique

- restoration technique

- salami technique

- scrambling technique

- security technique

- security by analysis technique

- short cut technique

- sieve technique

- signature protection technique

- sliding window technique

- spectral line matching technique

- split knowledge technique

- split-key technique

- split knowledge technique

- statistical technique

- subtraction technique

- surreptitious technique

- tabulation technique

- telecommunication access technique

- time division technique

- three-key technique

- trial-and-error technique

- two-key cryptographic technique

- vacuum cleaner technique

- Weegand technique

- word-spotting technique

Англо-русский словарь по компьютерной безопасности > technique
109 elementary

adjective

elementar; grundlegend [Fakten, Wissen]; schlicht [Fabel, Stil]; Grundschul[lehrer, -bildung]; Grund[stufe, -kurs, -ausbildung, -rechnen, -kenntnisse]; Ausgangs[text, -thema]; Anfangs[stadium]

course in elementary German — Grundkurs in Deutsch

* * *

[-'men-]

adjective (very simple; not advanced: elementary mathematics.) grundlegend

* * *

el·emen·ta·ry

[ˌelɪˈment^əri, AM -əˈment̬ɚi]

adj elementar, grundlegend

they failed to take \elementary precautions sie haben nicht einmal die einfachsten Vorsichtsmaßnahmen getroffen

\elementary course Grundkurs m

\elementary mathematics die Grundlagen der Mathematik

\elementary mistake grober Fehler

\elementary science elementare Naturwissenschaften pl

\elementary education AM Elementarunterricht m

* * *
["elI'mentərI]
adj

1) (= simple) rules einfach, elementar; (= basic) idea, fact, precautions grundlegend

a few elementary rules — einige Grundregeln

sometimes the cause is quite elementary — manchmal ist die Ursache ganz einfach or simpel

elementary mistake — Grundfehler m, grober Fehler

elementary, my dear Watson — elementar, lieber Watson

2) (pej: rudimentary) primitiv

his acting is about as elementary as you can get — primitiver als er kann man gar nicht spielen

3) (SCH) level elementar

elementary skills/knowledge — Grundkenntnisse pl

elementary reading and writing — Grundkenntnisse pl im Lesen und Schreiben

elementary computer skills — grundlegende Computerkenntnisse pl

elementary maths — Elementarmathematik f

a rather elementary knowledge of science — einige Grundkenntnisse in Naturwissenschaften

* * *

elementary [ˌelıˈmentərı] adj (adv elementarily)

1. → academic.ru/23752/elemental">elemental A 1, A 2

2. elementar, Elementar…, Einführungs…, Anfangs…, einführend, grundlegend

3. elementar, einfach

4. CHEM elementar, unvermischt, nicht zerlegbar

5. CHEM, MATH, PHYS Elementar…:

elementary particle Elementarteilchen n

6. unentwickelt, rudimentär

elem. abk

1. elementary

2. element ( elements pl)

* * *

adjective

elementar; grundlegend [Fakten, Wissen]; schlicht [Fabel, Stil]; Grundschul[lehrer, -bildung]; Grund[stufe, -kurs, -ausbildung, -rechnen, -kenntnisse]; Ausgangs[text, -thema]; Anfangs[stadium]

course in elementary German — Grundkurs in Deutsch

* * *

adj.

elementar adj.

English-german dictionary > elementary
110 básica

básica sustantivo femenino (Esp) primary o elementary education
básico,-a adjetivo
1 (esencial) basic: saber idiomas es básico para ser diplomático, knowledge of languages is essential if you want to be a diplomat
2 Quím basic ' básica' also found in these entries: Spanish: EGB - educación English: elementary - fundamental

English-spanish dictionary > básica
111 elementary

[ˌelɪ'mentrɪ]
aggettivo

1) (basic, simple) elementare

2) GB stor., US scol. [ school] elementare; [ teacher] di scuola elementare

* * *

[-'men-]

adjective (very simple; not advanced: elementary mathematics.) elementare

* * *
elementary /ɛlɪˈmɛntrɪ/
a.

1 elementare; basilare; fondamentale: (comput.) elementary instruction, istruzione elementare; elementary mistakes, errori di fondo; elementary school, scuola elementare; elementary precaution, precauzione elementare

2 elementare; semplice; rudimentale: elementary knowledge, conoscenza rudimentale

3 (chim., fis.) elementare: elementary particle, particella elementare
elementarily avv. elementariness n. [u].
* * *
[ˌelɪ'mentrɪ]
aggettivo

1) (basic, simple) elementare

2) GB stor., US scol. [ school] elementare; [ teacher] di scuola elementare

English-Italian dictionary > elementary
112 elementary

1. a элементарный, простой

elementary colours — основные цвета

elementary membrane — элементарная мембрана

elementary economics — элементарная экономика

elementary rate of flow — элементарный расход

elementary turn — простой поворот на 180 град

elementary twist — простой поворот на 180 град

2. a простейший; первичный

elementary cell — первичная клетка

elementary flow — первичный поток

elementary odor — простейший запах

elementary odour — простейший запах

elementary scent — простейший запах

elementary item — простейший элемент

3. a первоначальный, начальный

elementary knowledge — начатки знаний

elementary school — начальная школа

elementary school — начальная школа

elementary education — начальное образование

elementary textbook — учебник для начальной школы

elementary level of education — начальное образование

4. a стихийный, относящийся к стихиям

5. a хим. неразложимый

Синонимический ряд:

1. basic (adj.) abecedarian; basic; clear; elemental; essential; fundamental; primitive; simple; substratal; ultimate; uncomplicated; uncompounded; underlying

2. beginning (adj.) basal; beginning; introductory; preparatory; primary; rudimental; rudimentary; simplest

Антонимический ряд:

advanced; aggregate; collective; complex; complicated; composite; compound; confused; developed; difficult; hard; heterogeneous; immaterial; impalpable

English-Russian base dictionary > elementary
113 first

1. n первое

on the first of May — первого мая

first go — первым делом

first gun — первый анод

first leg — первый этап

first base — первая база

first chop — первый сорт

2. n начало

at first — сначала, сперва

at the first — первое время

from the first — с самого начала

at the first set-out — в самом начале

from the very first — с самого начала

first commercial production — начало промышленной добычи

first law of thermodynamics — первое начало термодинамики

3. n степень бакалавра с отличием первого класса

first fold — первый сгиб

the first — первое число

first call — первый взнос

first course — первый ряд

first flow — первый полив

4. n муз. самый высокий голос или самая высокая партия

the first of May — первое мая

the very first — самый первый

first or last — рано или поздно

first high water — высокая полная вода

to draw the first prize — получить самый крупный выигрыш

5. n товар первого сорта, высшего качества

first prize — первый приз

first story — первый этаж

first wort — первое сусло

first chop — первый сорт

first blood — первая кровь

6. n горн. лучшая кусковая руда; концентрат

first patent flour — лучшая пшеничная мука высших сортов

first clear flour — лучшая пшеничная мука вторых сортов

7. n место в первом классе

who struck the first blow? — кто начал ?, кто первый ударил?

the first speaker — первый выступающий, первый взявший слово

murder in the first degree — тяжкое убийство первой степени

have a right of first signature — иметь право первой подписи

first offender — преступник, совершивший первое преступление

8. a первый по времени, самый ранний

the first flowers of spring — первые весенние цветы

first fruit — первые плоды

first lees — первый отстой

first person — первое лицо

first press — первый пресс

first slice — первый слой

9. a первый, начальный

first form — первый класс

first performance — первое представление, премьера

first round — первый раунд

to succeed the very first time — добиться успеха с первого раза

scored the first win — завоевал первое место

taking first place — занимающий первое место

error of the first kind — ошибка первого рода

first carbonated juice — сок первой сатурации

first product — продукт первой кристаллизации

10. a первый, пробный

first attempt — первая попытка

first storey — первый этаж

first strike — первый удар

first measure — первый такт

first pull — пробный оттиск

first quality — первый сорт

11. a первый, основной

the first thing to do — первое, что надо сделать

first secretary — первый секретарь посольства

function of first kind — функция первого рода

Simpson's first rule — первое правило Симпсона

court of first instance — суд первой инстанции

first carbonation juice — сок первой сатурации

12. a первый попавшийся; первый представившийся; любой

ask the first man you meet — спросите любого, кого вы встретите

first order system — система первого порядка

first syndication — программы первого показа

score the first win — завоевать первое место

first class airfield — аэродром первого класса

first drawing on loan — первое погашение ссуды

13. a первый, предварительный

first field dressing — индивидуальный перевязочный пакет

first runoff — первый оттек

first spool — первый каскад

the first that — первое что

First Consul — первый консул

first cut — первое травление

14. a первый, передний

first tier boxes — ложи первого яруса

first generation bank — банк первого поколения

first jet — оттек утфеля первой кристаллизации

first production line — первая сборочная линия

love at first sight — любовь с первого взгляда

to rank among the first — быть в числе первых

15. a первый, выдающийся, самый знаменитый

the first scholar of the day — самый крупный учёный своего времени

first draw — первая протяжка

first ending — первая вольта

first gear — первая передача

first level — первый уровень

first moment — первый момент

16. a первосортный, самый лучший

articles of first quality — товар первого сорта

first string — лучшие игроки команды, первый состав

17. a первый, ведущий

first violin — первая скрипка

first order — первый порядок

first punch — первая обминка

first running — первое сусло

first stage — первая ступень

first copy — первый экземпляр

18. adv сперва, сначала

first of all — прежде всего

at first. — сначала

first time — сначала

at first — сначала,

in the first place — сначала; во-первых

at the first go-of — вначале; сперва; при первой попытке

19. adv впервые

when he first went to war — когда он впервые попал на войну

First Americans — первые американцы

for the first time — в первый раз; впервые

for the first time since — с тех пор как впервые

the first touches of autumn — первые признаки осени

first knowledge of inoculation — первые сведения о прививках

20. adv скорее, предпочтительно

first aid box — аптечка скорой помощи

first aid — первая помощь; скорая помощь

21. adv первым; в первую очередь

to stand first — быть первым; быть в первых рядах

he arrived first — он прибыл первым

he claimed the right to speak first — он требовал, чтобы ему первому дали слово

you go first — идите первым

who plays first? — чей первый ход?

ladies first! — проходите, пожалуйста!; сначала дамы!

the first half of the year — первое полугодие

tiing for first place — поделивший первое место

to a first approximation — в первом приближении

a court of first instance — суд первой инстанции

court of first appearance — суд первой инстанции

Синонимический ряд:

1. basic (adj.) basic; fundamental; primary

2. early (adj.) beginning; early; initial

3. initially (adj.) initially; originally; primarily

4. least (adj.) least; slightest; smallest

5. original (adj.) anterior; beginning; earliest; incipient; initial; maiden; original; pioneer; prime; primeval

6. paramount (adj.) paramount; preeminent; superior; supreme

7. top (adj.) arch; capital; cardinal; champion; chief; dominant; foremost; greatest; head; headmost; inaugural; key; leading; main; major; outstanding; pre-eminent; premier; principal; top

8. beginning (noun) beginning; commencement; outset; start

9. firstly (other) firstly; initially

Антонимический ряд:

finish; last; latest; lowest; secondary; subordinate; subsequent; supplementary; ultimately; unimportant

English-Russian base dictionary > first
114 learning

1. n изучение, учение

the learning of languages — изучение языков

trial and error learning — обучение методом проб и ошибок

learning of basic exercises — изучение базовых упражнений

rote learning — обучение методом "заучивания наизусть"

learning by insight — обучение основанное на понимании

instrumental learning — обучение методом проб и ошибок

2. n учёность, знания, эрудиция

polite learning — классическое образование

book learning — книжные знания

branch of learning — отрасль знания

learning experience — опыт познания

profound learning — глубокие знания

to drink in learning — впитывать знания

3. n дрессировка, обучение; выработка условного рефлекса

learning capability — способность к обучению; обучаемость

learning by generalization — обучение путем обобщения

discrimination learning — дифференцировочное обучение

learning in the belt — обучение упражнению в лонже

learning curve — кривая обучения; эффект обучения

4. n психол. изменение поведения путём изменения среды; создание новых навыков направленным тренажом

reversal learning — переделка навыка

Синонимический ряд:

1. knowledge (noun) education; erudition; instruction; knowledge; lore; scholarship; science; wisdom

2. discovering (verb) ascertaining; catching on; determining; discovering; find out; finding out; hearing; seeing; tumbling; unearthing

3. getting (verb) getting; mastering; pick up; picking up

4. learning (verb) conning; learning; memorising; memorizing

5. understanding (verb) investigating; knowing; questioning; researching; understanding

Антонимический ряд:

ignorance; inspiration; intuition; revelation

English-Russian base dictionary > learning
115 Creativity

   1) All Human Complex Problem Solving Is Creativity

   Put in this bald way, these aims sound utopian. How utopian they areor rather, how imminent their realization-depends on how broadly or narrowly we interpret the term "creative." If we are willing to regard all human complex problem solving as creative, then-as we will point out-successful programs for problem solving mechanisms that simulate human problem solvers already exist, and a number of their general characteristics are known. If we reserve the term "creative" for activities like discovery of the special theory of relativity or the composition of Beethoven's Seventh Symphony, then no example of a creative mechanism exists at the present time. (Simon, 1979, pp. 144-145)

   2) Artificial Intelligence Models of Creative Association

   Among the questions that can now be given preliminary answers in computational terms are the following: how can ideas from very different sources be spontaneously thought of together? how can two ideas be merged to produce a new structure, which shows the inﬂuence of both ancestor ideas without being a mere "cut-and-paste" combination? how can the mind be "primed," so that one will more easily notice serendipitous ideas? why may someone notice-and remember-something fairly uninteresting, if it occurs in an interesting context? how can a brief phrase conjure up an entire melody from memory? and how can we accept two ideas as similar ("love" and "prove" as rhyming, for instance) in respect of a feature not identical in both? The features of connectionist AI models that suggest answers to these questions are their powers of pattern completion, graceful degradation, sensitization, multiple constraint satisfaction, and "best-fit" equilibration.... Here, the important point is that the unconscious, "insightful," associative aspects of creativity can be explained-in outline, at least-by AI methods. (Boden, 1996, p. 273)

   3) Creative Innovation and Social Independence

   There thus appears to be an underlying similarity in the process involved in creative innovation and social independence, with common traits and postures required for expression of both behaviors. The difference is one of product-literary, musical, artistic, theoretical products on the one hand, opinions on the other-rather than one of process. In both instances the individual must believe that his perceptions are meaningful and valid and be willing to rely upon his own interpretations. He must trust himself sufficiently that even when persons express opinions counter to his own he can proceed on the basis of his own perceptions and convictions. (Coopersmith, 1967, p. 58)

   4) Ego Strength and Emotional Stability among Creative Geniuses

   he average level of ego strength and emotional stability is noticeably higher among creative geniuses than among the general population, though it is possibly lower than among men of comparable intelligence and education who go into administrative and similar positions. High anxiety and excitability appear common (e.g. Priestley, Darwin, Kepler) but full-blown neurosis is quite rare. (Cattell & Butcher, 1970, p. 315)

   5) Its Mundane Character

   he insight that is supposed to be required for such work as discovery turns out to be synonymous with the familiar process of recognition; and other terms commonly used in the discussion of creative work-such terms as "judgment," "creativity," or even "genius"-appear to be wholly dispensable or to be definable, as insight is, in terms of mundane and well-understood concepts. (Simon, 1989, p. 376)

   6) Mozart's Musical Ideas Came to Him in Polished Form

   From the sketch material still in existence, from the condition of the fragments, and from the autographs themselves we can draw definite conclusions about Mozart's creative process. To invent musical ideas he did not need any stimulation; they came to his mind "ready-made" and in polished form. In contrast to Beethoven, who made numerous attempts at shaping his musical ideas until he found the definitive formulation of a theme, Mozart's first inspiration has the stamp of finality. Any Mozart theme has completeness and unity; as a phenomenon it is a Gestalt. (Herzmann, 1964, p. 28)

   7) Scientific Theories and Works of Art Alike Originate in Fantasy

   Great artists enlarge the limits of one's perception. Looking at the world through the eyes of Rembrandt or Tolstoy makes one able to perceive aspects of truth about the world which one could not have achieved without their aid. Freud believed that science was adaptive because it facilitated mastery of the external world; but was it not the case that many scientific theories, like works of art, also originated in phantasy? Certainly, reading accounts of scientific discovery by men of the calibre of Einstein compelled me to conclude that phantasy was not merely escapist, but a way of reaching new insights concerning the nature of reality. Scientific hypotheses require proof; works of art do not. Both are concerned with creating order, with making sense out of the world and our experience of it. (Storr, 1993, p. xii)

   8) Self- Esteem and Creative Expression

   The importance of self-esteem for creative expression appears to be almost beyond disproof. Without a high regard for himself the individual who is working in the frontiers of his field cannot trust himself to discriminate between the trivial and the significant. Without trust in his own powers the person seeking improved solutions or alternative theories has no basis for distinguishing the significant and profound innovation from the one that is merely different.... An essential component of the creative process, whether it be analysis, synthesis, or the development of a new perspective or more comprehensive theory, is the conviction that one's judgment in interpreting the events is to be trusted. (Coopersmith, 1967, p. 59)

   9) Stages in Creative Problem- Solving

   In the daily stream of thought these four different stages [preparation; incubation; illumination or inspiration; and verification] constantly overlap each other as we explore different problems. An economist reading a Blue Book, a physiologist watching an experiment, or a business man going through his morning's letters, may at the same time be "incubating" on a problem which he proposed to himself a few days ago, be accumulating knowledge in "preparation" for a second problem, and be "verifying" his conclusions to a third problem. Even in exploring the same problem, the mind may be unconsciously incubating on one aspect of it, while it is consciously employed in preparing for or verifying another aspect. (Wallas, 1926, p. 81)

    10) The Bisociative Pattern of the Creative Synthesis

   he basic, bisociative pattern of the creative synthesis [is] the sudden interlocking of two previously unrelated skills, or matrices of thought. (Koestler, 1964, p. 121)

    11) The Earliest Stages in the Creative Process Involve a Commerce with Disorder

   Even to the creator himself, the earliest effort may seem to involve a commerce with disorder. For the creative order, which is an extension of life, is not an elaboration of the established, but a movement beyond the established, or at least a reorganization of it and often of elements not included in it. The first need is therefore to transcend the old order. Before any new order can be defined, the absolute power of the established, the hold upon us of what we know and are, must be broken. New life comes always from outside our world, as we commonly conceive that world. This is the reason why, in order to invent, one must yield to the indeterminate within him, or, more precisely, to certain illdefined impulses which seem to be of the very texture of the ungoverned fullness which John Livingston Lowes calls "the surging chaos of the unexpressed." (Ghiselin, 1985, p. 4)

    12) The Inner Life of the Creative Process

   New life comes always from outside our world, as we commonly conceive our world. This is the reason why, in order to invent, one must yield to the indeterminate within him, or, more precisely, to certain illdefined impulses which seem to be of the very texture of the ungoverned fullness which John Livingston Lowes calls "the surging chaos of the unexpressed." Chaos and disorder are perhaps the wrong terms for that indeterminate fullness and activity of the inner life. For it is organic, dynamic, full of tension and tendency. What is absent from it, except in the decisive act of creation, is determination, fixity, and commitment to one resolution or another of the whole complex of its tensions. (Ghiselin, 1952, p. 13)

    13) The Problem of What Impels the Creative Person

   [P]sychoanalysts have principally been concerned with the content of creative products, and with explaining content in terms of the artist's infantile past. They have paid less attention to examining why the artist chooses his particular activity to express, abreact or sublimate his emotions. In short, they have not made much distinction between art and neurosis; and, since the former is one of the blessings of mankind, whereas the latter is one of the curses, it seems a pity that they should not be better differentiated....

   Psychoanalysis, being fundamentally concerned with drive and motive, might have been expected to throw more light upon what impels the creative person that in fact it has. (Storr, 1993, pp. xvii, 3)

    14) Theories of Creative Thinking

   A number of theoretical approaches were considered. Associative theory, as developed by Mednick (1962), gained some empirical support from the apparent validity of the Remote Associates Test, which was constructed on the basis of the theory.... Koestler's (1964) bisociative theory allows more complexity to mental organization than Mednick's associative theory, and postulates "associative contexts" or "frames of reference." He proposed that normal, non-creative, thought proceeds within particular contexts or frames and that the creative act involves linking together previously unconnected frames.... Simonton (1988) has developed associative notions further and explored the mathematical consequences of chance permutation of ideas....

   Like Koestler, Gruber (1980; Gruber and Davis, 1988) has based his analysis on case studies. He has focused especially on Darwin's development of the theory of evolution. Using piagetian notions, such as assimilation and accommodation, Gruber shows how Darwin's system of ideas changed very slowly over a period of many years. "Moments of insight," in Gruber's analysis, were the culminations of slow long-term processes.... Finally, the information-processing approach, as represented by Simon (1966) and Langley et al. (1987), was considered.... [Simon] points out the importance of good problem representations, both to ensure search is in an appropriate problem space and to aid in developing heuristic evaluations of possible research directions.... The work of Langley et al. (1987) demonstrates how such search processes, realized in computer programs, can indeed discover many basic laws of science from tables of raw data.... Boden (1990a, 1994) has stressed the importance of restructuring the problem space in creative work to develop new genres and paradigms in the arts and sciences. (Gilhooly, 1996, pp. 243-244; emphasis in original)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Creativity
116 фундаментальный

прил. solid;
sturdy;
(о знании) thorough;
profound;
(об исследовании) basic;
fundamental;
substantial;
thorough(-going) перен.;
main фундаментальное здание фундаментальная библиотека фундаментальные знания фундаментальный труд фундаментальное исследование

фундаментальн|ый -
1. (прочный, крепкий) solid, proper;
перен. (глубокий, солидный) through, sound;
~ая постройка proper/solid building;
~ые знания thorough knowledge sg. ;
~ труд great/major work;

2. (основной, главный) main;
key attr. ;
~ая библиотека main library;

3. разг. (обильный) prodigious.

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > фундаментальный
117 fact

fækt сущ.
1) обстоятельство;
факт;
событие;
случай, явление to ascertain, establish a fact ≈ выяснять обстоятельства to check, confirm, verify a fact ≈ проверять факты to cite (the) facts ≈ ссылаться на факты to classify( the) facts ≈ классифицировать факты to collect, gather, marshal( the) facts ≈ собирать факты to distort, twist( the) facts ≈ искажать факты to embellish, embroider( the) facts ≈ приукрашивать факты to evaluate, interpret ( the) facts ≈ оценивать факты to face (the) facts ≈ обращаться к фактам to ignore a fact ≈ игнорировать факт to present( the) facts ≈ представлять факты accepted fact basic fact cold fact dry fact essential fact established fact firsthand fact historic fact incontestable fact incontrovertible fact indisputable fact irrefutable fact proven fact statistical fact unquestionable fact well-known fact Syn: case, event
2) действительность, реальность, явь to distinguish fact from fiction ≈ отличать реальность от фантастики Space exploitation is now a fact. ≈ Исследования космического пространства стали сейчас реальным событием. Syn: truth, reality, actuality
3) сущность, факт Syn: essence, substance ∙ факт, событие, явление;
обстоятельство - dry *s голые факты - stark *s голые /неприкрашенные/ факты - established * установленный факт - fixed * твердо установленный факт - salient *s самые существенные /основные/ факты;
суть дела - accomplished * свершившийся факт - to place before an accomplished * поставить перед свершившимся фактом - a certain physical * известное физическое явление - * of common knowledge (юридическое) общеизвестный факт( не требующий доказательств) - *s of life факты, как они есть;
правда жизни;
(эвфмеизм) сведения о половой жизни - to let children know the *s of life сообщать детям сведения, нужные для их полового воспитания - the *s are as follows факты таковы - *s are stubborn things факты - упрямая вещь истина, реальность, действительность - to look *s in the face видеть вещи такими, какие они есть;
смотреть фактам в лицо - but this is a *! но ведь это правда! - I know it for a * я знаю, что это факт /правда/;
в этом нет никакого сомнения - he would always do it himself, that's a * он всегда делал это сам, честное слово - is this a * or is it just your opinion? это действительно факт или только ваше предположение? - the * is that... дело в том, что... - the * is she didn't even read the letter дело в том, что она даже не прочла этого письма - in /as a matter of, in point of/ * на самом деле, в действительности;
даже, к тому же - in *, not in word не на словах, а на деле - I think so, in * I am sure думаю, что это так, я даже уверен в этом - he does not mind, in * he is very pleased он вовсе не огорчен, наоборот, он очень рад pl данные;
аргументы - his *s are false приведенные им данные неверны - you must prove your *s вам придется доказать правильность ваших данных - I dispute all your *s я отрицаю все, что вы утверждаете ( юридическое) доказательства, улики( юридическое) противоправное деяние;
правонарушение;
преступление - accesory after the * соучастник после события преступления, укрыватель, недоноситель;
- accesory before the * соучастник до события преступления, подстрекатель, пособник - to confess the * сознаться в преступлении /в правонарушении/ accessory ~ факт соучастия by that ~ в силу самого факта constituent ~ составной факт derived ~ вчт. производный факт empirical ~ эмпирический факт error in ~ фактическая (правовая) ошибка fact данные, аргументы ~ доказательства, улики ~ истина, реальность, действительность ~ истина, действительность;
this is a fact and not a matter of opinion это непреложный факт ~ обстоятельство;
факт;
событие;
явление;
stark fact голый, неприкрашенный факт ~ обстоятельство ~ правонарушение ~ преступление ~ противоправное деяние, нарушение, преступление ~ противоправное деяние ~ сущность, факт;
the fact that he was there, shows... то, что он был там, показывает...;
the fact is that дело в том, что ~ факт, событие, явление, обстоятельство ~ факт ~ сущность, факт;
the fact that he was there, shows... то, что он был там, показывает...;
the fact is that дело в том, что ~ of the matter суть дела the ~ of the matter is that сущность заключается в том, что ~ on which right is based факт, на котором основано право ~ сущность, факт;
the fact that he was there, shows... то, что он был там, показывает...;
the fact is that дело в том, что in ~ в действительности in ~, in point of ~ фактически, на самом деле, в действительности;
по сути, в сущности;
на поверку in ~ фактически in ~, in point of ~ фактически, на самом деле, в действительности;
по сути, в сущности;
на поверку legal ~ юридический факт operative ~ факт, имеющий юридическую силу ~ сущность, факт;
the fact that he was there, shows... то, что он был там, показывает...;
the fact is that дело в том, что ~ обстоятельство;
факт;
событие;
явление;
stark fact голый, неприкрашенный факт ~ истина, действительность;
this is a fact and not a matter of opinion это непреложный факт

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > fact
118 resolve

rɪˈzɔlv
1. сущ.
1) а) решимость, решительность, смелость Syn: resolution, firmness, determination Ant: doubt, hesitation, irresolution, vacillation б) намерение, решение to display, show resolve ≈ проявлять намерение (сделать что-л.) to strengthen one's resolve ≈ укрепиться в намерении firm resolve ≈ твердое намерение make good resolves Syn: intention, design, decision, determination в) амер. резолюция, вердикт, решение
2) муз. уст. разрешение, переход в консонанс
2. гл.
1) а) решать(ся), принимать решение She resolved to work harder. ≈ Она твердо решила больше отдавать себя работе. Syn: decide б) решать голосованием, выносить резолюцию The committee resolved to authorize this step. ≈ Комитет принял решение разрешить это действие. в) разрешать( сомнения и т. п.) ;
решать (задачу, проблему и т.п.) Syn: decide, determine, settle;
answer, solve
2) редк. побуждать, убеждать(ся) Syn: assure, satisfy, convince
3) а) редк. или уст. распадаться, растворять(ся) This chemical substance can he resolved into an acid and oxygen. ≈ Это вещество распадается на кислоту и кислород. Syn: disintegrate б) мед. рассасывать(ся) в) муз. разрешать(ся) в консонанс г) мат. или физ. раскладывать, разлагать(ся)
4) изменяться, превращаться Sometimes islands resolved into headlands. ≈ Иногда острова становятся мысами. Syn: convert, transform, alter ∙ resolve into resolve on решение, намерение - to make a * принять решение - to keep one's * не отступать от своего решения - to make good *s быть преисполненным благих намерений (американизм) резолюция, решение (политика) решительность, смелость, решимость - deeds of high * славные дела решать, принимать решение - he *d up(on) making an early start он решил рано отправиться (в путь) - what has been *d? что было решено?;
какое решение было принято? - to be *d принять твердое решение, твердо решиться( сделать что-л.) - he *d to succeed он решил преуспеть во что бы то ни стало - a plan was *d on which provided for... был принят план, который предусматривал, что... принимать решение, резолюцию;
решать голосованием, постановлять - the committee *d to authorize this step комиссия постановила разрешить это мероприятие - (it was) *d unanimously( было) решено единогласно - *d, that this meeting is in favour of... собрание постановляет одобрить... решаться - to * to do /upon doing/ smth. решиться на что-л. разрешать (сомнения и т. п.) ;
устранять (неясность) - to * all doubts разрешать все сомнения - to * a dispute разрешить спор решать (проблему и т. п.) ;
объяснять - the problem has not yet been *d проблема еще не решена - to * disputed points in a text принять решение в отношении спорных мест текста (редкое) побуждать - the knowledge of the facts *d him to act at once факты вынудили его действовать без промедления разлагать (на составные части) - to * smth. into its elements разложить что-л. на составные части распадаться, разлагаться( на составные части) - the Roman Empire *d into its elements Римская империя распалась - the session *d itself into a number of working committees сессия разбилась на ряд рабочих комитетов (into) превращать( во что-л.) ;
сводить( к чему-л.) - the steam that cooling *d into water пар, превратившийся при охлаждении в воду - the task before us may be *d into three basic requirements стоящую перед нами задачу можно свести к трем основным требованиям обыкн. refl превращаться - to * (itself) into smth. превращаться во что-л.;
сводиться к чему-л. - the water *s itself into steam вода превратилась в пар - the fog *d itself into rain туман перешел в дождь - the question *s itself into this... вопрос сводится к следующему... - his complaint *s itself into two parts его жалоба состоит из двух частей (медицина) рассасывать;
рассасываться( музыкальное) разрешать (диссонанс) ;
разрешаться( о диссонансе) (физическое) разрешать детали изображения ~ решать(ся) ;
принимать решение;
he resolved (up) on making an early start он решил рано отправиться в путь ~ решение, намерение;
to make good resolves быть полным добрых намерений the question resolves itself into this вопрос сводится к этому resolve голосовать ~ редк. побуждать ~ принимать резолюцию ~ принимать решение ~ разрешать (сомнения и т. п.) ~ муз. разрешать(ся) в консонанс ~ распадаться, разлагать(ся) (into - на) ;
растворять(ся) ~ мед. рассасывать(ся) ~ решать(ся) ;
принимать решение;
he resolved (up) on making an early start он решил рано отправиться в путь ~ решать ~ решать голосованием;
выносить резолюцию ~ решать голосованием ~ решение, намерение;
to make good resolves быть полным добрых намерений ~ решение, намерение ~ поэт. решительность, смелость, решимость

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > resolve
119 resolve

1. [rıʹzɒlv] n
1. 1) решение, намерение

to make a resolve - принять решение

to keep one's resolve - не отступать от своего решения

to make good resolves - быть преисполненным благих намерений

2) амер. резолюция, решение

2. полит. решительность, смелость, решимость

deeds of high resolve - славные дела
2. [rıʹzɒlv] v
I

1. 1) решать, принимать решение

he resolved up(on) making an early start - он решил рано отправиться (в путь)

what has been resolved? - что было решено?; какое решение было принято?

to be resolved - принять твёрдое решение, твёрдо решиться (сделать что-л.)

he resolved to succeed - он решил преуспеть во что бы то ни стало

a plan was resolved on which provided for... - был принят план, который предусматривал, что...

2) принимать решение, резолюцию; решать голосованием, постановлять

the committee resolved to authorize this step - комиссия постановила разрешить это мероприятие

(it was) resolved unanimously - (было) решено единогласно

resolved, that this meeting is in favour of... [is opposed to...] - собрание постановляет одобрить [отклонить]...

2. решаться

to resolve to do /upon doing/ smth. - решиться на что-л.

3. 1) разрешать (сомнения и т. п.); устранять ( неясность)

to resolve all doubts - разрешать все сомнения

to resolve a dispute - разрешить спор

2) решать (проблему и т. п.); объяснять

the problem has not yet been resolved - проблема ещё не решена

to resolve disputed points in a text - принять решение в отношении спорных мест текста

4. редк. побуждать

the knowledge of the facts resolved him to act at once - факты вынудили его действовать без промедления

II

1. 1) разлагать ( на составные части)

to resolve smth. into its elements - разложить что-л. на составные части

2) распадаться, разлагаться ( на составные части)

the Roman Empire resolved into its elements - Римская империя распалась

the session resolved itself into a number of working committees - сессия разбилась на ряд рабочих комитетов

2. (into)

1) превращать (во что-л.); сводить (к чему-л.)

the steam that cooling resolved into water - пар, превратившийся при охлаждении в воду

the task before us may be resolved into three basic requirements - стоящую перед нами задачу можно свести к трём основным требованиям

2) обыкн. refl превращаться

to resolve (itself) into smth. - а) превращаться во что-л.; the water resolves itself into steam - вода превращается в пар; the fog resolved itself into rain - туман перешёл в дождь; б) сводиться к чему-л.

the question resolves itself into this... - вопрос сводится к следующему...

his complaint resolves itself into two parts - его жалоба состоит из двух частей

3. мед.

1) рассасывать

2) рассасываться

4. муз.

1) разрешать ( диссонанс)

2) разрешаться ( о диссонансе)

5. физ. разрешать детали изображения

НБАРС > resolve
120 base

1. сущ.
1) общ. база; основа; основание ( в прямом и переносном смысле)

These industries are crucial to the local economy and are called the economic base of the region. — Эти отрасли критически важны для местной экономики и называются "экономической базой [основой\] региона".

See:

premium base

2)

а) общ. база (основное место нахождения какой-л. организации, основное место проживания какого-л. лица и т. п.); опорный пункт

б) эк. база (место, где компания размещает свой офис или завод; место, где располагается офис бизнесмена)

3) эк. база (совокупность информации, каких-л. лиц или объектов, служащая основой для какой-л. деятельности)

See:

client base, customer base, tax base б) database

4) стат. база (значение показателя, выбранное за 100% при расчете индекса)

5) маркc. базис (совокупность производственных отношений, определяемая уровнем развития производительных сил, определяющая остальные отношения в обществе (надстройку))

See:

superstructure, relations of production, productive forces, Marx, Karl Heinrich

6) бирж. база* (в техническом анализе: форма графика, в которой линия поддержки и линия сопротивления идут на сближение; это указывает на относительное равновесие спроса и предложения на рынке и на небольшую амплитуду колебаний котировок)

See:

support level, resistance level, technical analysis
2. гл.
общ. базировать, обосновывать; основывать

to base one's conclusions upon knowledge — основываться в своих выводах на знаниях

the tax is based on income — размер налога определяется доходом
3. прил.
1) эк. базовый, начальный (исходное значение какой-л. ставки, относительно которого затем расчитываются различные надбавки или вычеты)

base premium — базовая премия

base salary — базовый оклад

base price — базовая [базисная\] цена

Syn:

basic 1. 5)

See:

base currency, base premium, base price, base salary

2) стат. базовый, базисный (о значении показателя, выбранном за 100% при расчете индекса)

let's take 2005 as our base year — давайте выберем в качестве базы 2005 г.

* * *
. Also known as a Stop. In real estate leases tenants are often responsible for operating expenses of the building over a certain dollar amount, the base or stop. The base may be expressed in dollars per square foot, total dollars, or as a base year (in which case the base is the expense in the base year). Example - Expenses for a building are $9 per square foot in 1997. Madison Inc. has a base of $6. For 1997 Madison must pay $3 per square foot in Escalation. (Note, the computations can be much more involved.) For a net lease the base is zero. . Small Business Taxes & Management 2 .

Англо-русский экономический словарь > base

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knowledge — knowl‧edge [ˈnɒlɪdʒ ǁ ˈnɑː ] noun [uncountable] facts, skills and understanding gained through learning or experience: • Given its market knowledge, Price Waterhouse was able to provide a useful insight into each supplier. knowledge of • Auditors … Financial and business terms
basic — / beɪsɪk/ adjective 1. normal 2. most important 3. simple, or from which everything starts ● He has a basic knowledge of the market. ● To work at the cash desk, you need a basic qualification in maths … Marketing dictionary in english
basic — / beɪsɪk/ adjective 1. normal 2. most important 3. simple, or from which everything starts ● She has a basic knowledge of the market. ● To work at the cash desk, you need a basic qualification in maths … Dictionary of banking and finance
basic — Kumu, honua. ♦ Basic knowledge, ike kumu … English-Hawaiian dictionary
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Basic writing — Basic writing, or developmental writing, is a discipline of composition studies which focuses on the writing of students sometimes otherwise called remedial or underprepared , usually freshman college students. Contents 1 Defining Basic Writing 2 … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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basic knowledge

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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basic knowledge

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